The usual wayR2O
Where a project starts
The usual wayWith a drawing or a 3D model. Requirements live in the spec and in the engineer's head.
R2OWith requirements. They are stored in the model, and everything else is derived from them.
Where the data lives
The usual wayIn different programs with different people. In between: exports, spreadsheets and manual copying.
R2OIn one model. Each discipline sees its neighbors' current data.
What happens on a change
The usual wayEveryone tries to remember what needs fixing. Something gets missed, and the error surfaces on site.
R2OEverything dependent is recalculated or marked “out of date”. Nothing silently stays old.
Inter-discipline assignments
The usual wayEmails and files. It is unclear which version the other department is working from.
R2OGenerated from the model as a snapshot on a date. If the input data changes, the assignment marks itself as out of date.
Code compliance checks
The usual wayBy hand, from experience, selectively — usually at the end.
R2OContinuously, by rules that link to the code clause. A violation shows up immediately, not at the expert review.
Calculations
The usual wayIn separate programs and spreadsheets. After changes they are often not recalculated.
R2OPart of the model. They are recalculated along with the change, and every value shows where it came from.
Documentation
The usual wayDrawings, schedules and lists are assembled and cross-checked by hand.
R2OGenerated from the model to GOST and always matches it.
After the project is issued
The usual wayThe project goes to the archive. Installation, commissioning and operation live in their own paperwork.
R2OThe model goes further: into manufacturing, installation and commissioning, and data from the site flows back into it.